% This is an option style (substyle) for writing a dissertation
% in the Rackham required format using reportx.sty.  -- jin ji, 1/88
% Modified on 05/19/88, jj.
% Modified on 12/13/88, for "CHAPTER" in toc and \@makecaption, jj.
% Modified on 01/08/89, for sections in loa (look for \@sect), jj.
% Modified on 89/11/29  by tex
%          Removed the last three lines of file which consisted of 
%          <blank line>
%          % Get something else
%          \input indent
% Modified on 07/24/1992 by Roque D. Oliveira. 
%          \startappendices was modified to work 
%          with the New Font Selection Scheme. 
%          Further (similar) changes may be needed for other macros.
% 
\typeout{  }
\typeout{Substyle `rac' for Rackham dissertation.}
\typeout{The sample files are in '/usr/um/lib/tex/doc/local/rac'.}
\typeout{  }

%-- Page styles --

\def\ps@chappage{% jj: the first page for chapters
 \def\@oddhead{}
 \def\@oddfoot{\hfil \rm \thepage \hfil}
 \def\@evenhead{}
 \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
}

\def\ps@plain{%
 \def\@oddhead{\hfil \rm \thepage \hfil}
 \def\@oddfoot{}
 \let\@evenhead\@oddhead
 \def\@evenfoot{}
}

% jj: This \ttlpg is the same as \titlepage in report.sty.
\def\ttlpg{\@restonecolfalse \if@twocolumn \@restonecoltrue \onecolumn
 \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty} \c@page \z@}


%-- Margins --

\if@twoside \oddsidemargin 0.55in \evensidemargin 0.05in \marginparwidth 85pt
\else \oddsidemargin 0.55in \evensidemargin 0.55in \marginparwidth 68pt
\fi
\topmargin -0.7in \headheight 0.35in \headsep 0.35in \footskip 0.5in

\textheight 648pt
\textwidth 430pt


%-- Front pages --

\normalsize

\def\titlepage#1#2#3#4#5#6{
 \ttlpg
 \hbox{ }
 \vfill
 \begin{center}
  \small\normalsizedbl
  {\LARGE\bf #1 \mbox{}} \\
%  \large\normalsize
  \large\
\\
\
\\
\
\\
  by \\
  \vspace{1ex}
  #2 \\
\
\\
\
\\
\
\\
  A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment \\
  of the requirements for the degree of \\
  #3 \\
  (#4) \\
  in The University of Michigan \\
  #5 \\
 \end{center}
 \vfill
 \vfill
 \hspace{0in} Doctoral Committee: \\[2ex]
 \mbox{ }\hspace{.5in}
 \parbox{4.5in}{#6}
 \vfill
\
\\
\
\\
}

\def\unnumberedpage{%
 \newpage
 \thispagestyle{empty}
 \hbox{ }
}

\def\copyrightpage#1{%
 \ttlpg
 \hbox{ }
 \vfill
 \begin{center}
  {\large $\copyright$} \hspace{0.25in}
  \parbox{3in}{\makebox[3in][l]{\underline{#1} \hspace{0.125in} \number\year}
   All Rights Reserved}
 \end{center}
 \vfill
}

\def\initializefrontsections{%
 \setcounter{page}{1}   % -- begins with "ii"
 \pagestyle{chappage}   % -- numbers at bottom
 \renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}   % roman numeral
 \small\normalsize
}

\def\dedicationpage#1{%
 \newpage
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{DEDICATION}
 \hbox{ }
 \vfill
 \begin{center}
  #1
 \end{center}
 \vfill
}

\def\startacknowledgementspage{%
 \normalsizedbl
 \newpage
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS}
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS}
 \vspace{0.7in}
}

\def\startprefacepage{%
 \newpage
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{PREFACE}
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf PREFACE}
 \vspace{0.7in}
}

\def\startabstractpage#1#2#3{%
 \ttlpg
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \begin{center}
  {\large\bf ABSTRACT} \\
  \vspace{0.25in}
   #1 \\
  \vspace{0.25in}
   by \\
   #2 \\
 \end{center}
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \noindent #3 \vspace{0.25in} \\
 \small\normalsizedbl
}


%-- Table of contents and lists --

\def\dotfill{\leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern \@dotsep mu$}\hfill}

\def\producetableofcontents{\tableofcontents}
\def\producelistoffigures{\listoffigures}
\def\producelistoftables{\listoftables}
\def\producelistofmaps{\listofmaps}
\def\producelistofanythings{\listofanythings}
\def\producelistofappendices{\listofappendices}

% jj: The only difference is \dotfill instead of \hfil.
\def\l@chapter#1#2{\pagebreak[3]
 \vskip 1.0em plus 1pt \@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup
 \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
 \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
 \bf \leavevmode #1\dotfill \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
 \endgroup
}
%\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}} -- in report.sty.
%\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
%\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
%\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{10em}{5em}}
%\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{12em}{6em}}

\def\l@chap{\@dottedtocline{1}{0.5em}{3.5em}}
\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{2}{5.0em}{2.3em}}
\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{8.3em}{3.2em}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{4}{12.5em}{4.1em}}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}

% jj: \def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}} -- in report.sty.
\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.0em}{3.5em}}
\let\l@table\l@figure
\let\l@map\l@figure
\let\l@anything\l@figure
\def\l@appendix{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.0em}{2.5em}}

\def\tableofcontents{%
 \newpage\small\normalsize
 \@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf TABLE OF CONTENTS}
 \vspace{0.7in}
 \@mkboth{CONTENTS}{CONTENTS}
 \@starttoc{toc}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
}

\def\listoffigures{%
 \newpage\small\normalsize
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{LIST OF FIGURES}
 \@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf LIST OF FIGURES}
 \vspace{0.7in}
 \@mkboth{LIST OF FIGURES}{LIST OF FIGURES}
 \@starttoc{lof}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
 \addtocontents{lof}{\noindent\underline{\bf Figure}\hfill\rm\protect\newline}
% \addtocontents{lof}{\hbox{ }}
}

\def\listoftables{%
 \newpage\small\normalsize
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{LIST OF TABLES}
 \@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf LIST OF TABLES}
 \vspace{0.7in}
 \@mkboth{LIST OF TABLES}{LIST OF TABLES}
 \@starttoc{lot}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
 \addtocontents{lot}{\noindent\underline{\bf Table}\hfill\rm\protect\newline}
% \addtocontents{lot}{\hbox{ }}
}

\def\listofmaps{%
 \newpage\small\normalsize
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{LIST OF MAPS}
 \@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf LIST OF MAPS}
 \vspace{0.7in}
 \@mkboth{LIST OF MAPS}{LIST OF MAPS}
 \@starttoc{lom}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
 \addtocontents{lom}{\noindent\underline{\bf Map}\hfill\rm\protect\newline}
% \addtocontents{lom}{\hbox{ }}
}

\def\listofanythings#1{%
 \newpage\small\normalsize
 \def\anythingtitle{#1}
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}
 \@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf \anythingtitle}
 \vspace{0.7in}
 \@mkboth{\anythingtitle}{\anythingtitle}
 \@starttoc{lox}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
 \addtocontents{lox}{\noindent\underline{\bf \anythingtopic}\hfill\rm\protect\newline}
% \addtocontents{lox}{\hbox{ }}
}

\def\listofappendices{%
 \newpage\small\normalsize
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{LIST OF APPENDICES}
 \@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf LIST OF APPENDICES}
 \vspace{0.7in}
 \@mkboth{LIST OF APPENDICES}{LIST OF APPENDICES}
 \@starttoc{loa}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
 \addtocontents{loa}{\noindent\underline{\bf Appendix}\hfill\rm\protect\newline}
% \addtocontents{loa}{\hbox{ }}
}

\def\arbitraryfrontsection#1{%
 \newpage
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}
 \@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf #1}
 \vspace{0.7in}
}


%-- Start chapters --

\def\thechapter {\Roman{chapter}}
\def\thesection {\@arabic\c@chapter.\@arabic\c@section}
\def\thefigure {\@arabic\c@chapter.\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\thetable {\@arabic\c@chapter.\@arabic\c@table}
\def\theequation {\@arabic\c@chapter.\@arabic\c@equation}

%\def\anythingtopic{Anything}
\def\defineanythingtopic#1{\def\anythingtopic{#1}}

\newcounter{anything}[chapter]
\def\theanything{\@arabic\c@chapter.\@arabic\c@anything}
\def\fps@anything{tbp}
\def\ftype@anything{1}
\def\ext@anything{lox}
\def\fnum@anything{\anythingtopic\ \theanything}
\def\anything{\@float{anything}}
\let\endanything\end@float
\@namedef{anything*}{\@dblfloat{anything}}
\@namedef{endanything*}{\end@dblfloat}

\newcounter{map}[chapter]
\def\themap{\@arabic\c@chapter.\@arabic\c@map}
\def\fps@map{tbp}
\def\ftype@map{1}
\def\ext@map{lom}
\def\fnum@map{Map \themap}
\def\map{\@float{map}}
\let\endmap\end@float
\@namedef{map*}{\@dblfloat{map}}
\@namedef{endmap*}{\end@dblfloat}

\newcounter{appendix}[chapter]
\def\theappendix{\@Alph\c@appendix}
\def\fps@appendix{tbp}
\def\ftype@appendix{1}
\def\ext@appendix{loa}

\def\startthechapters{%
 \def\@chapapp{CHAPTER}
 \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\mbox{ }\protect\newline\noindent{\bf CHAPTER}\protect\newline}
 \addtocontents{toc}{\hbox{ }}
 \normalsizedbl
 \clearpage % This has to be before the rest.  jj
 \setcounter{chapter}{0}
 \setcounter{page}{1} % -- ...always begin with ii.
 \renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}
 \pagestyle{plain}
 \def\tocname{toc}
}

\def\chapter{\clearpage \thispagestyle{chappage} \global\@topnum\z@
 \@afterindenttrue \secdef\@chapter\@schapter
}
\def\@chapter[#1]#2{%
 \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
  \refstepcounter{chapter}
  \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}
  \addtocontents{toc}{\hbox{ }}
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chap}{\protect\numberline{\hbox{ }\hfill\bf\thechapter.\hspace{5pt}}{\bf #1}}
  \addtocontents{toc}{\hbox{ }}
 \else
  \addtocontents{toc}{\hbox{ }}
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chap}{#1}
  \addtocontents{toc}{\hbox{ }}
 \fi
 \chaptermark{#1}
% \addtocontents{lof}{\hbox{ }}
% \addtocontents{lot}{\hbox{ }}
% \addtocontents{lom}{\hbox{ }}
% \addtocontents{lox}{\hbox{ }}
 \if@twocolumn \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]
 \else \@makechapterhead{#2} \@afterheading \fi
}

\def\@makechapterhead#1{%-- The top margin is required to be 2 in.
 \vspace*{0.7in}
 {\parindent 0pt \raggedright
  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
  \centerline{\large\bf \@chapapp{} \thechapter} \par
  \vskip 0.3in \fi
  \begin{center}
   \Large\bf #1
  \end{center}
  \nobreak \vskip 0.7in
 }
}

\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
 \vspace*{0.7in}
 {\parindent 0pt \raggedright
  \centerline{\Large\bf #1} \par
  \nobreak \vskip 0.7in
 }
}

\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus 
 .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\large\bf}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus 
 .2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{3.25ex plus
 1ex minus .2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}}

% jj: The following is copied from latex.tex, with \addcontentline
%     changed to conditional -- only the sections in chapters will be
%     added to toc, noly the ones in appendices.  12/15/88

\def\@chaptest{APPENDIX}
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{
 \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \def\@svsec{}
 \else 
  \refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip 1em }
 \fi
 \@tempskipa #5\relax
 \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ 
  \begingroup #6\relax
   \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}
  \endgroup
  \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}
  \ifx \@chapapp \@chaptest
  \else
   \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
   \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi #7}
  \fi
 \else
  \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname {#7}
  \ifx \@chapapp \@chaptest
  \else
   \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
   \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi #7}
  \fi
  }
 \fi
 \@xsect{#5}
}

\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{%
 \addtocontents{\csname ext@#1\endcsname}{\hbox{ }}
 \addcontentsline{\csname ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
  the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces\protect\small\protect\normalsize\rm #2}}
 \par
 \begingroup
  \@parboxrestore
  \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces\protect\small\normalsize\rm #3}
  \par
 \endgroup
}

%\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
% \vskip 10pt 
% \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1: #2}
% \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize #1: #2\par
% \else \hbox to\hsize{\hfill\box\@tempboxa\hfill} 
% \fi}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
 \vskip 10pt 
 \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1: #2}
 \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize 
  \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1: }
  \def\@tempdimj{\hsize}
  \advance\@tempdimj -\wd\@tempboxa
  \hbox to\hsize{#1: \parbox[t]{\@tempdimj}{#2}}
 \else \hbox to\hsize{\hfill\box\@tempboxa\hfill} 
 \fi}


%-- Appendices and bibliography --

% jj:  \@sect is copied from latex.tex; toc changed to \tocname.
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
	\def\@svsec{}\else
	\refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip 1em }\fi
	\@tempskipa #5\relax
	\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ 
		\begingroup #6\relax
			\@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}
		\endgroup
		\csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}
		\addcontentsline{\tocname}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
			\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi #7}
	\else
		\def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec #8
		\csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}
		\addcontentsline{\tocname}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
			\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi #7}}
	\fi
	\@xsect{#5}
}

\def\startappendices{\par
 \def\thechapter{\Alph{chapter}}
 \def\thesection{\thechapter.\arabic{section}}

 \ifx \selectfont\undefined
 \def\theequation{{\rm \thechapter}.\arabic{equation}}
 \def\thefigure{{\rm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@figure}
 \def\thetable{{\rm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@table}
 \def\themap{{\rm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@map}
 \def\theanything{{\rm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@anything}
 \else
 \def\theequation{{\mathrm \thechapter}.\arabic{equation}}
 \def\thefigure{{\mathrm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@figure}
 \def\thetable{{\mathrm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@table}
 \def\themap{{\mathrm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@map}
 \def\theanything{{\mathrm \thechapter}.\@arabic\c@anything}
 \fi

 \let\theappendix=\thechapter
 \let\chapter=\startanappendix
 \setcounter{chapter}{0}
 \setcounter{section}{0}
 \def\@chapapp{APPENDIX}
 \def\tocname{loa}
 \pagestyle{plain}
 \clearpage
 \thispagestyle{chappage}
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{APPENDICES}
 \hbox{ }
 \vfill
 \centerline{\large\bf APPENDICES}
 \vfill
}

\let\appendix=\startappendices

\def\startanappendix#1{%
 \clearpage \global\@topnum\z@ \@afterindenttrue
 \refstepcounter{chapter}
 \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}
 \addtocontents{loa}{\hbox{ }}
 \addcontentsline{loa}{appendix}{\protect\numberline{\thechapter.}{\ignorespaces\rm #1}}
 \addtocontents{loa}{\hbox{ }}
% \addtocontents{lof}{\hbox{ }}
% \addtocontents{lot}{\hbox{ }}
% \addtocontents{lom}{\hbox{ }}
% \addtocontents{lox}{\hbox{ }}
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf \@chapapp{} \thechapter} \par
 \vspace{0.3in}
 \begin{center}
  \Large\bf #1
 \end{center}
 \vspace{0.7in}
}

\def\endofchapterbibliography{%
	\clearpage
	\addtocontents{toc}{\hspace{0.6in} Bibliography} % adds entry to table of contents
	\hbox{ }
	\vspace{0.7in}
	\begin{center}
		{\large \bf BIBLIOGRAPHY}
	\end{center}
	\vspace{0.75in}
}

\def\thebibliography#1{%
 \clearpage
 \thispagestyle{chappage}
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{BIBLIOGRAPHY}
 \hbox{ }
 \vfill
 \centerline{\large\bf BIBLIOGRAPHY}
 \vfill
 \newpage
 \hbox{ }
 \vspace{0.5in}
 \centerline{\large\bf BIBLIOGRAPHY}
 \vspace{0.7in}
 \@mkboth{BIBLIOGRAPHY}{BIBLIOGRAPHY}
 \small\normalsize
 \list{[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth
 \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
 \usecounter{enumi}}
 \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em}
 \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
 \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\let\endthebibliography=\endlist
\def\startbibliography{ }